IN a striking appeal to the Russian people for loyalty and effort on behalf of the nation, Lenin said ; “All Soviet Russia will become a United All. Russian Co-operative Society of Workers.” This is the keynote and explanation of the Soviet Government’s attitude towards the old Russian Co-operative Movement. Socialism, Communism, Bolshevism, mean co-operation, […]

A big discussion and controversy is going on at present as to whether in the future organisation of industry a Government Labour Department will be necessary side by side with Trade Union organisation. No one can yet say what modifications of the Communist system business and trade relationships with the outside world will require. It […]

There is one outstanding thought in connection with my short stay in Russia which never leaves me, and that is the conditions under which found children living. saw them at railway stations on the long journey to and from Petrograd to Moscow, in small villages on a drive 40 versts out of Moscow, and in […]

According to tradition the tall bell tower of Ivan Veliki in Moscow has an ancient origin, but as a matter of fact it was constructed at the close of the sixteenth century to find employment for a starving population. Its foundations are on a level with the river bed, 120 feet below the surface; its […]

Various accounts are given respecting the first entry of the troops into Moscow. Some of the inhabitants who remained, having faith in the assurances of Rostopchin, welcomed the invaders, believing them to be some of the foreign allies of the Russian army. An official who had not been able to escape states that he saw […]

The great monastery of Simonof, about four miles distant, will probably be the first which travelers will visit from Moscow. The drive would be a pleasant one if the pavement were not so agonizing. We turn to the left by the bridge beneath the Kremlin, and skirt the river for some distance. There are many […]

From the Volga look in another direction—across the Okka—and there, on a low, almost inundated flat, exposed to the waters of both rivers, lies a scene of bustle and activity unparalleled in Europe. A vast town of shops, laid out in regular streets, with churches, hospitals, bar-racks, and theaters, now tenanted by more than a […]

The people of Warsaw appeared to us wonderfully lively and cheerful compared with the Russians. Michelet, who calls the Lithuanians “children of the shadows,” speaks of the Poles as “children of the sun,” and they seemed to us to deserve it. The writings of the great national poet Mickiewicz are full of vigor and animation, […]

We set out at nine o’clock to explore the Winter Palace. It forms a quadrangle with several courts, about the size of the palace in Berlin, but the exterior of the latter is much more imposing; it has one story more and the great dome. The Winter Palace, with all its pillars half inserted into […]

In the beginning of the eleventh century, Kieff, after Constantinople, was the largest and richest town in Eastern Europe; but the chronicler Ditmar records that in 1124, the year before the death of Monomachus, in a great fire which occurred, as many as six hundred churches and chapels were burned in Kieff. This fact shows […]